Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: Peeples A[original query] |
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Distinct and overlapping roles of Nipah virus P gene products in modulating the human endothelial cell antiviral response.
Lo MK , Peeples ME , Bellini WJ , Nichol ST , Rota PA , Spiropoulou CF . PLoS One 2012 7 (10) e47790 Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic zoonotic paramyxovirus that causes fatal encephalitis in up to 75% of infected humans. Like other paramyxoviruses, NiV employs co-transcriptional mRNA editing during transcription of the phosphoprotein (P) gene to generate additional mRNAs encoding the V and W proteins. The C protein is translated from the P mRNA, but in an alternative reading frame. There is evidence from both in vitro and in vivo studies to show that the P gene products play a role in NiV pathogenesis. We have developed a reverse genetic system to dissect the individual roles of the NiV P gene products in limiting the antiviral response in primary human microvascular lung endothelial cells, which represent important targets in human NiV infection. By characterizing growth curves and early antiviral responses against a number of recombinant NiVs with genetic modifications altering expression of the proteins encoded by the P gene, we observed that multiple elements encoded by the P gene have both distinct and overlapping roles in modulating virus replication as well as in limiting expression of antiviral mediators such as IFN-beta, CXCL10, and CCL5. Our findings corroborate observations from in vivo hamster infection studies, and provide molecular insights into the attenuation and the histopathology observed in hamsters infected with C, V, and W-deficient NiVs. The results of this study also provide an opportunity to verify the results of earlier artificial plasmid expression studies in the context of authentic viral infection. |
A history of injury and violence prevention in public health and evolution of the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control at CDC
Sleet DA , Baldwin G , Marr A , Spivak H , Patterson S , Morrison C , Holmes W , Peeples AB , Degutis LC . J Safety Res 2012 43 (4) 233-47 Injuries and violence are among the oldest health problems facing humans. And yet, only within the past 50 years has the problem being addressed with scientific rigor using public health methods. The field of injury and violence prevention began as early as 1913, but wasn't approached systematically or epidemiologically until the 1940s and 1950s. It accelerated rapidly between 1960 and 1985. Coupled with active federal and state interest in reducing injuries and violence, this period was marked by important medical, scientific, and public health advances. The National Center for Injury Prevention and Control (NCIPC) was an outgrowth of this progress and in 2012 celebrated its 20th anniversary. NCIPC was created in 1992 after a series of government reports identified injury as one of the most important public health problems facing the nation. Congressional action provided the impetus for the creation of NCIPC as the lead federal agency for non-occupational injury and violence prevention. In subsequent years, NCIPC and its partners fostered many advances and built even greater capacity. Because of the tragically high burden and cost of injuries and violence in the United States and across the globe, researchers, practitioners, and decision makers can improve progress by redoubling prevention efforts in the next 20 years. This article traces the history of injury and violence prevention as a public health priority – including the evolution and current structure of the CDC's National Center for Injury Prevention and Control. |
Injury and violence prevention policy: Celebrating our successes, protecting our future
Koné RG , Zurick E , Patterson S , Peeples A . J Safety Res 2012 43 (4) 265-70 Policy strategies for injury and violence prevention influence systems development, organizational change, social norms, and individual behavior to improve the health and safety of a population. Injury and violence prevention professionals should consider how their issues resonate with various audiences, including policy makers, the public, and other decision makers. As the cost of healthcare continues to rise and greater demands are placed on the healthcare system, the use of public health policy becomes increasingly critical to protect the public's health and prevent injury and violence and its related morbidities and disabilities (Degutis, 2011). This article highlights some impactful policy successes from the field, allows us to reflect on the Injury Center's 20th anniversary, and describes steps to address injuries and violence into the future. The purpose of this paper is to discuss policy as a public health strategy and the critical role it plays in injury and violence prevention. |
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